Saturday, July 21, 2012

Consequences of Stress on Children’s Development


War Stories
                At the beginning of WWII, a German boy was born in a military family.  His father climbs up the ladder of Nazi ranks and takes charge of constructing bunkers on the European coasts.  Of age to attend the Hitler Youth, the boy’s brother is enlisted.  Strangely, this young boy was insensitive to Nazi ideology, would not let himself be indoctrinated, devised a stratagem, and successfully obtained his release from the training camp. At the end of the war, father is interned in a camp where he dies from starvation; mother dies from tuberculosis and children integrate an orphanage.  Although relentlessly promoting peace and tolerance, the youngest boy bears the shame and guilt that his parents’ generation has left for legacy, never being able to apply the principles of peace and tolerance to himself.  All his life, the youngest boy deals with conflicting and irresolvable feelings of love for his father as well as intense hatred for having adhered either by choice or by cowardice to Hitler’s mandates.  End result: unmanageable post traumatic stress disorder and a sacrificed life seemingly offering his life in repayment for his parents’ mistakes.  Forged in a time of intense emotional crisis, the young boy’s identity is unable to shift.
                 
                In another country, a Jewish girl born well after WWII continues to nurture hatred for anything German, perpetuating her parents’ victim syndrome.   Forged in a time of intense emotional crisis, the Jewish girl’s identity is permanently impaired.

                Perhaps affected by her cultural environment and the media, a non-Jewish girl identifies with the Jewish culture at a young age.  Curiously, her behaviors exhibits stresses expected from people having lived through a war. Are people like her the necessary links to extend memories and feelings when actual witnesses are gone?


About Poverty, Hunger, and Violence Here and There

                Having to fare for himself, a very young boy was accustomed to roam the neighboring streets scavenging for food.  Alarmed by the condition of this very young boy’s teeth appearance, a teacher alerts CPS, Child Protective Services, who remove the child from his unsafe home where he also was subjected to random acts of violence and abuse.   Neglect, hunger, and violence since birth prevent the child from thriving emotionally and linguistically.  Thanks to recent science discoveries, we know that the brain continues to grow until the age of 25 giving caregivers hope that their children have a chance to catch up with development.  Unfortunately, from his emotionally non-available caregivers’ situation, the young boy has developed reactive attachment disorder which prevents him from healing his early childhood scars.  Only caregivers’ patience and unwavering trust in life’s marvels may give the child enough time to catch up with expected childhood’s growths such as a disposition for trust, respect for authority and abandon of controlling issues, and empathy.     

 
Brazil
A UNICEF Look at Childhood Poverty in Brazil

                Not surprisingly, the last slide confirms that black children from rural origin cared for by a very young mother (20) with no specific professional skills because she only attended school for 7 years, 3 brothers, and no father fit the profile for poverty stricken children.  

Saturday, July 7, 2012

Nutrition and Malnutrition

                                  Nutrition and Malnutrition
                                          West and East 
                                         North and South
                                          Every continent
                                           Every country
                                              Dissension

            Food and water are quintessential for life sustenance.  In the western world, water is so cheap that it has been stripped off its value, and people have difficulties fathoming the devastating effects of lack of water and safe drinking water. On the other hand, food is also a problem in western societies due to their inherent inequalities.  For the majority, westerners have access to water but may encounter hardships buying food and having access to nutritious food.   
            While pregnant, women know how being well fed matters for the child they are bearing, and having access to enough calories coming from a variety of sources must be a priority.  When food is lacking, the fetus will use the available amount of food to optimally continue to develop the brain to the detriment of other body parts of lesser survival significance such as legs and arms.  Expecting mothers who receive adequate nutrition have a better chance to give birth to healthy babies and to be able to breastfeed their babies.  In the first few months of infants’ lives, breast milk shields them from nasty infections and diarrhea; hence, the importance of breastfeeding in general and particularly in developing countries. In Mali, infants’ mortality from diseases had decreased 30% from 1987 to 1996 because for at least the first 4 months of their lives mothers breastfed them. Also, infants started to eat solid food at 6 months which allowed them to fight diarrhea (PubMed, 1997).  It is fascinating that food and water, two trivial elements in the western world, are the causes for such catastrophes in developing countries.
            According to the Pediatrics (1997), there has been an increase in obesity among American children 4 to 5 years old and it is suggested that measures preventing obesity be taken as early as preschool. Surely, young children have also become more sedentary but something needs to be done in the quality of food that children ingest.  At Parklawn Elementary School Alexandria, Virginia, First Lady Michelle Obama (The White House) made clear the benefits of launching school lunch standards; nutritious food to support children’s academic efforts and also to support children for whom lunch might be the only meal of the day.
            With this information in mind and with much respect for parents’ cultural values, it is necessary that (my school) schools develop and practice healthy food habits.  Networking with the community might bring solutions to raise funds toward nutritious lunch meals and snacks.  I am looking forward to work on the school and community project that will look for creative answers to resolve diet and health issues. Food for thought!   

                                                 References
 Alisha Wilson. Why Breastfeeding is a Natural Shield Against Illness for Your Baby. Feb.3, 2007.   Retrieved from: http://voices.yahoo.com/why-breastfeeding-natural-shield-against-illness-184582.html

PubMed. US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. Malnutrition in Mali: a major   concern for child health.News/Macro/Syst/Inst/Resour/Dev/Demogr/Health/Surv.1997;9(1):3-4. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12292676

Pediatrics. Prevalence of Overweight Among Preschool Children in the United States, 1971         Through 1994”. Vol. 99 No. 4 April 1, 1997. pp. e1 (doi: 10.1542/peds.99.4.e1)

The White House. Remarks by the First Lady in School Lunch Standards Announcement. Office of the Press Secretary. January 25, 2012